You must be within the loading area of the desired monster for this cheat to work. For example, you cannot load up Barney while fighting the Nihilanth. Enter give <monster name> and the corresponding monster will appear. Note: Activate the /noclip first, or you will be stuck inside the monster.
People
monster_human_grunt
monster_barney
monster_scientist
monster_generic
monster_gman
Monsters
monster_sentery
monster_headcrab
monster_alien_slave
monster_alien_grunt
monster_bullchicken
monster_zombie
monster_apache
monster_ichthyosaur
monster_bigmomma
monster_barnacle
monster_tentacle
monster_gargantuan
monster_nihilanth
monster_houndeye
xen_tree
xen_spore_small
xen_spore_medium
xen_spore_large
Corpses
monster_barney_dead
monster_scientist_dead
monster_hevsuit_dead